Shock-absorber for vehicles.



1.1. G. PAUILHAC.

SHOCK ABSORBER FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JULYI. 1912.

Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

C 39 QM n a side elevation ot' the same.

JEAN JACQUES GEORGES PAUILHAC, F PARIS, FRANCE.

SHOCK-ABSORBER FOR VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

Application filed July 1. 1912. Serial No. 707,036.

I all lF/HHN it may concern:

Be. it known that I. -ll-l.\.\' .Txcorns GuoueEs lxrxmrw. industrial. a citizen of the French bepublie. and residing at :79 avenue Malakott', Paris. Department of the Seine, France, have invented certain new aml useful Improvements in h'llock-Absorbers for Vehicles. of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object an improved shock absorber for vehicles of all kinds and particularly for motor cars.

The shock absorber to which the invention relates is formed substantially by a V-shape spring which is interposed either between the suspension spring and the frame of the carriage or between two parts of one of the springs if the carriage comprises a suspension arrangement with a double spring. It is also applicable to the front axle springs as well as to those of the back axle.

The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example some forms of the arrangements which may be adopted for enabling this V-spring to absorb the shocks received by the suspension devices of carriages.

Figure 1 is a representation of the shockabsorber mounted on a back axle spring. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of another arrangement ot' the shock absorber. Fig. 3 is The portion of the figure in fully drawn lines shows the shock absorber in its normal position. the portion in dots and dashes representing it in the position which it occupies when the car riage springs bend umler the inlluence of a shock. Figsj l. 5 and t" illustrate dill'ereut types of llexi le butlers intended to be introduced between the yoke which supports the bent part of the shock absorber and the upper plate of the axle spring.

ln Fig. I the shock a :orber 4. 5 is mounted on a semi-elliptical spring on a back wheel axle. It. forms a supple flexible fork interposed between the lower part 1 of this spring and the upper part: (1 fixed to the frame 3. The lower arm 4 of the. shock absorbet is connected with the spring 1 by means of a shackle 7 which is grooved or slotted at to allow of the passage of the connecting pivot 9 of the arms 5 and G. tor the purpose of enabling the shock absorber to act freely and at the same time atl'ording a sa l'ety device in ease of the breaking of the shock absorber. lt will be seen that if this breakage should occur, the head 9 would come against the bottom of the slot. 8 and from this moment the shackle 7 acts as an ordinary link. The shock absorber l, 5 absorbs the slight shocks and the principal spring 1. 6 only comes into action when the wheels receive violent shocks. The suspension may be improved. in consequence of the addition of the shock-absorber 4. 5 by means of a second shock absorber formed by a spring 10 still more sensitive than the spring 4, i This spring 10 in this case is a spiral spring which is mounted between the principal spring 1 and a yoke 11 attached to the center 12 ot' the first absorber. This spring 10 absorbs the very slight shocks. \Vhen it is powerfully compressed. the spring 1, 5 comes into action and. when the tension of this latter is equal to that of the carriage spring, this principal spring is put in action.

The absorber illustrated in Figs. 2 to 6 is formed substantially by a plate spring 13, 14. 15 bent in V form with unequal arms. The shorter plate 13, It carries at its end 13, two lugs which enable itto be fixed by means of a bolt 16, to the frame hanger or to the hanger of the spring 6 of the carriage frame. The longer arm 14. 15 ends in a hanger or roller which enables it to be connected by means of a bolt 17. to two rigid shackles 18 which are themselves connected by means of a bolt 19 to the hanger for the axle spring 1. The V spring is held in a horizontal or practically horizontal position by means of a yoke 11 which rests simply on the carriage axle spring 1 through the medium of an india-rub er roller '20 lined with imlia-rul'iber. Figs. 2 and 4. or of a semicyliudrical india-rubber butter 21, Fig. 5, or a spiral spring 2'). Fig. ti. or any other suitable elastic device. This yoke carries a pin or shaft 29 which is lined with indiarubber and engaged in the bent part 14 of the V spring. The V spring is thus introduced between the two springs of the carriage and as it is more supple than these latter. it absorbs in great part the shocks which are transmitted by the axle spring to the spring of the frame. The absorption oi the shocks is further promoted by the arms of the V spring being unequal. As a fact. the longer arm receives the shocks atv first and transmits them to the shorter arm but: a certain extent of movement of the large arm causes a movement to a less extent of the small arm. The result is that. even without taking into aooount tho tloxi ility of tho V spring. tho nioro inoquality ottho arms att nu.-|los tho l|tHl(. whioh aro transmit tod to tho t'ranlo spring by tho priu ipal spring. .\s tho lloxi ility of tho V spring is t'ar t'iont boing inapprooiablo. this spring oithor through its arrangoniont or its lloxibilily provonts tho lltNl\'. in a groat nioasuro t'roin boing t'ully transniittod from tho prinoipal spring to tho t'raino spring or to tho t'ranio oarrior. .\loroo\'or. it should ho ohsorvod that tho woight' of tho oarriago hoing appliod at l to tho V spring. tho ortioal lino. that runs through this point is always ooinprisod botwoon tho point 17 and tho point 23 (pivot of tho support yoko of tho point of tho V). Tho rosult is that tho yoko '1] is hold in oonstant oontaot with tho spring 1 without its boing nooossary to {ix it to that spring by any doy. o whato or.

\Yhon iolont shooks ooon tho oarriago prings giro and oonsoquon' iy aro longthonod ntoro partioularly ttfz' t'ramo spring. It is ory nooossary that tho shook absorbor should not rosist' this oxtonsion. In tho ot\'- aniplo illustratod it is t-a y to soo that tho point l must oomo'to about '16 and that tho shook absorbor oan fully allow of this displaoomont ot' tho point l as tho shaoklo II is ablo to osoillato on its tloxiblo boaring so that tho point 23 oomos to 93. The point II thus ooinos to II. that tho shook ahsorbor in no way resists tho ohangos' in tho form of tho oarriago springs. a faot whioh is oonsidorod by the inrontor as ory important. It should bo (IbRPIYttI likowiso that. tho uppor partof tho shaoklo ll boing proyidod with a floxiblo boaring 20. El or 2;. as is tho pin this arrangonlent; onablos tho \ihrations of tho V s; .Ing to be partly alisorbot'l.

It is o idont. that tho form of V spring illustratod in tho drawing is only gi on by way of o. 'amplo and that this form may more or loss vary. Tho arms of tho V may bo more or loss bont. more or loss opon. moro. or loss unequal in longth and tloxibility and the pointof tho V may bo moro or loss aouto or roundod.

Tho shook absorbor may be put in place without tho nooossity of any altoration boing made in tho do ioos belonging to the oarriago.

Ilaring now particularly dosoribod and asoortainod tho naturo of my said invontion. and in what mannor tho san'to is to be performod. I doolaro that what I claim is:

1. In a spring susponsion for vohiolos. tho combination with tho'uppor mombor soourod to tho t'ramo and tho. lowor su 'iporting spring. of a su stantially V-shapod shock absorbing spring ha ing its uppor arm conno tod to said uppor inombor to always more thorowith. and a shaoklo o nnooting tho lower arm f said V-shapod Spring with the It. will bo soon ond of tho lowor nXlosupporting spring. 'llol'ol') tho right (it tho \t'lliolo alway a 'ts upon tho ond of tho supporting spring through tho V-shapod spring. tho arms of which tond to :IPPI'UIVI] oaoh othor whon tho yohiolo is loadod.

i. In a spring susponsion t'or ohiolos. tho Com ination with tho uppor moinbor soourod to tho tratno. and tho lowor supporting spring. of a substantially Vshapod shock absorbing spring having ono arm oonnootod to said uppor mombor and tho othor arm linkod by a shaoklo to said supporting spring. said shaoklo boing adaptod to ro coivo and guido tho connootion botwoon said uppor arm and mombor.

3. In a spring susponsion tor yohiolos. tho ooinbination with tho uppor inoinbor soourod to tho t'ramo. and tho lowor supporting spring. of a substantially V-sbapod shock absorbing spring ha ing o'no arm oonnootod to said uppor mombor and tho otihor arm linkod by a shaoklo to said supporting .pring. and a support, for said shook absorb ing spring at its apoX.

4. In a spring susponsion tor ohiolos. the combination with tho uppor mombor socurod to tho tramo. and tho lowor supporting spring. of a substantially V-shapod shock absorbing spring ha ing ono arm oonnootod to said uppor inomhotr and tho othor arm linkod to said supporting spring. and a yoke soourod to tho shock absorbing spring at its apox and having a yiolding boaring upon said supporting spring.

In a spring sus 'ionsion for ohiclos. the oombination with tho upper and lower supporting springszot' an oporativolyintor'iosod sulistantially V-shapod shock absorbing spring. and a yoko yiold nglv mounted upon said lowor supporting spring and sup porting said shook absorbing spring at its apex.

Ina spring susponsion t'or yohiolos. tho oombination with tho uppor and lowor supporting springs. of an oporati oly interposod substantially V-shapod shook absorb ing spring. tho uppor arm of which is dirootly connootod to said uppor spring while tho lowor arm is connootod y a shackle t said lower spring. said haoklo boing slottod to receive and guido tho bolt connoct ing said upper arm and spring. i

7. In a spring susponsion for rohiclos. tho combination with the uppor mombor soou-rod to tho frame. and tholowor supporting spring. of a substantially V-shapod shock a 'isorbing spring having at ms of unoqual longth. tho short. arm boing pivotally oonnootod to said uppor mombor and tho long arm oonnootod by a shackle to said supporting spring.

In a spring susponsion for \ohiolos. tho combination with tho uppor mom or socurod to the framo, and the lower supporting spring. of an operatively interposed substantially V-shaped shock absorbing spring the upper arm of which is shorter than the lower arm, Elld upper arm being directly connected to said upper member and the lower arm connected by a shackle to said lower spring, and a yoke suspended from said lower spring and supporting the shock absorbing spring at its apex.

9. The combination with a two part vehicle spring, of an auxiliary spring fixed at one end to said vehicle spring and composed of superposed members, a connection between one end of said members and one part of said vehicle spring, and a connection between the adjacent end of the other member and the remaining part of the vehicle spring whereby the main spring will supplement the Vehicle spring when the latter has yielded to its full capacity.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JEAN JACQUES GEORGES PAUILHAG. Vitnesses H. C. COXE, RAOUL THOMAS. 

